Leukemia is a cancer with a high incidence rate among children. Due to the long treatment period and significant side effects, implementing lifestyle interventions to manage the health of pediatric leukemia patients is crucial for reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with treatment and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. However, current clinical interventions lack targeted approaches for leukemia patients, leading to suboptimal effectiveness. Serious games, as an intervention tool, have been proven effective in the field of health intervention.

　　Leukemia patients exhibit cognitive and psychological differences from healthy children due to factors such as the treatment environment and medical procedures. Therefore, this study analyzes the pain points in the needs of pediatric leukemia patients and their caregivers, and, taking into account user characteristics, designs a serious game aimed at dietary management for pediatric leukemia patients. The goal is to improve the effectiveness of interventions and enhance user experience through targeted approaches.

　　This research first summarizes the intervention needs of patients and caregivers through a review of relevant literature and in-depth interviews with experts and users. A preliminary framework for serious game interventions and content is constructed, and the cognitive deficits of pediatric leukemia patients, compared to healthy children, are highlighted. Based on an understanding of cognitive overload in these patients, the study identifies design elements highly relevant to their cognitive impairments that have not been previously studied in this context. An experimental design was conducted to measure the optimal level of core design elements, and a framework for the fundamental design elements of serious games, as well as interaction design principles suitable for this user group, was proposed.

　　Finally, the research collects and summarizes user preferences regarding serious game types and intervention modules through participatory workshops. Based on this, a prototype for a serious game focused on dietary management for pediatric leukemia patients was designed and developed. Additionally, the design was evaluated using both quantitative and qualitative research methods to verify its effectiveness.

　　Experimental results indicate that the serious game prototype significantly outperforms traditional interventions in terms of cognitive load and short-term effectiveness. The intervention framework and design principles developed in this study provide valuable insights for the design of health intervention serious games for pediatric cancer patients and survivors.