三维设计与表现 | 3D Design and Visualization​

（2024版 | Edition 2024）

三维设计与表现
3D Design and Visualization​

（2024版 | Edition 2024）

基本信息 | Basic Information

课程性质 | Course Type： 专业选修 | Elective 课程编号 | Course ID： 55013201 授课语言 | Language： 中文 | Chinese
先修要求 | Prerequisite： 无 | None 学分 | Credits： 2 课内学时 | Total Hours： 34
课程性质 | Course Type：专业选修 | Elective 课程编号 | Course ID：55013201
授课语言 | Language：中文 | Chinese 先修要求 | Prerequisite：无 | None
学分 | Credits：2 课内学时 | Total Hours：34
课程性质 | Course Type：专业选修 | Elective
课程编号 | Course ID：55013201
授课语言 | Language：中文 | Chinese
先修要求 | Prerequisite：无 | None
学分 | Credits：2
课内学时 | Total Hours：34

课程简介 | Course Introduction​

今天，三维软件已经成为艺术、设计领域的重要支柱获得了广泛的使用。《三维设计与表现》与下一学期的《三维动画》为承前启后的系列课程，但本课程仅以完成静帧作品为目标，内容主要涉及建模、UV整理、贴图绘制、材质设计、布光渲染等方面的核心概念与基础知识，适合各不同专业方向的同学选修。
Today, 3D software has become an important foundation in the field of art and design and has been used extensively. 3D Design and Visualization and 3D Animation, a course in the next semester form a complete series, but in this course students are only expected to master how to create artwork in the form of still images. The content of this course mainly includes the core concepts and basic knowledge of 3D modelling, UV unwrapping, texture painting, material design, lighting, rendering and etc. This course is suitable for students from different majors and directions.

▼ 学习要求 | Learning Requirements

▲ 学习要求 | Learning Requirements

● 课堂学习与课外自学充分结合 | Classroom learning and out-of-class self-learning are both needed.
● 理论与实践并重 | Put emphasis on both theory and practice.
● 创作与专业方向紧密关联 | Relate your creation closely to your own learning direction.
● 允许选用不同的软件 | The choice of software that is not covered in this course is permitted.
● 想“混”个学分的同学请退选 | Quit this course if credits are all you need.

学习评价 | Learning Evaluation​

这门以掌握技术为主要目标的课程要求每位同学根据生活中的实景实物或AIGC图像独立完成三维建模、材质设计等相关工作并最终完成一幅静帧作品。期末需提交的内容除一张主要渲染图外还包括另外两张不同角度的渲染图、工程文件（含历史文件）以及参考照片或图片。
With the main purpose of mastering 3D technology, this course requires each student to use a real-life scenery, object or AIGC images as references, and independently create an artistic still image by going through a complete 3D creation process including modeling, material design and etc. At the end of the semester, besides a main rendering, each student also need to include 2~3 additional renderings from angles different from the main one, the project files (along with history versions) and the photos or images he/she used as references.

▼ 成绩构成 | How the score is given

▲ 成绩构成 | How the score is given

● 出勤记录 | attendance: 20%
－每次缺勤扣3分，扣完为止 | each absence results in -3 marks
● 平时成绩 | usual performance: 20%
－根据要求提交阶段性成果 | submit your milestone outcome
4 8 12 16 20
每次阶段性成果均晚交、漏交，或质量粗劣 | Each milestone is late, missing or has poor quality. 阶段性成果均晚交、漏交、低质量情况出现1次以上 | More than one milestones are late, missing or have poor quality. 仅1次出现阶段性成果晚交、漏交或品质不达标 | Only one milestone is late, missing or has poor quality. 每次均按时提交阶段性成果，但格式不符合要求或质量存在较大进步空间 | Each milestone is handed-in on time, but needs correct format or improvment in quality. 每次均按时按要求提交阶段性成果，且质量优秀 | Each milestone is handed-in on time and has high-quality.
● 期末作业 | final project: 60%
－创造性与整体效果 | creativity and overall effect: 20%
4 8 12 16 20
完全抄袭他人作品，或整体设计品质粗劣 | The final result is a total copy or has inferior quality. 整体存在较明显模仿痕迹，或设计方案缺乏艺术性 | There are obvious traces of imitation or the design lacks artistry. 局部存在较明显模仿痕迹，或整体设计方案存在较明显不足 | Portions in the image show signs of obvious imitation, or the whole design has obvious flaws. 局部易令人联想到他人作品，创造性仍待提升，但设计方案基本令人满意 | Partially resemblance of other people’s work. The design needs more creativity but is basically satisfactory. 作品原创性高，体现出丰富的想象力与艺术性 | The work is highly original and reflects rich imagination and artistry.
－模型、UV与材质贴图 | modeling, UV unwrapping, materials and textures: 25%
5 10 15 20 25
模型过于简单，或未整理UV、未绘制贴图 | The model is too simple, or UV unwrapping is not accomplished, or no texture is creeated. 模型简单，必要UV整理或贴图绘制工作缺失 | The model is simple, and it lacks necessary UV unwrapping or texture painting. 建模、整理UV、绘制贴图均完成，但存在明显技术缺陷 | Modeling, UV unwrapping and texture painting tasks are accomplished, but there are obvious deficiencies. 建模、整理UV、绘制贴图均完成，无明显问题但艺术性上仍有较大改进空间 | Modeling, UV unwrapping and texture painting tasks are accomplished with out obvious flaws, but it lacks artistry. 模型精致且具有一定复杂度，UV整理得当，贴图精美完备 | The model is elegant and reasonably complex. UV unwrapping is done correctly. Textures are fine and sufficient.
－布光与渲染 | lighting and rendering: 15%
3 6 9 12 15
仅使用默认灯光，或以界面截图作为渲染结果 | The project only uses default lighting, or only screen captures are handed in. 完成简单布光，并通过渲染器得到最终画面，但整体效果粗劣 | The project is simply lit up. The final result is obtained with a renderer, but is inferior in quality. 能体现出作者对于布光的基本理解，画面构图光影效果尚可 | The final result reflects the author’s basic understanding of lighting. The composition and lighting are not bad. 能体现出作者对于光影及渲染效果的推敲，最终画面效果达到网络番剧水平 | The final result shows the author’s sophisticated understanding of lighting and rendering, and is close to the quality of online animation episodes. 光影效果丰富、构图思虑周全、画面艺术性强，最终画面效果接近影视级 | The final result is rich in light and shadow, carefully crafted composition, and strong artistry. It is close to the quality of movies.
● 知识分享 | bonus for knowledge sharing: ≤10%
－主题自选，但需与课程相关 | You may propose topics of knowledge sharing seminar, but it must be related to the course.
－每次分享总加分不超过7分(1人)或10分(多人) | Total bonus points each time amount up to 7 (single speaker) or 10 (multiple speakers).

▼ 期末作业 | Requirements on the Final Project

▲ 期末作业 | Requirements on the Final Project

● 专业相关性要求 | Learning direction relevance requirement：
环境设计方向：真实或想象的场景 | Environmental Design: A real or imagined scenario.
工业设计方向：真实或想象的产品 | Environmental Design: A real or imagined product.
媒体传达方向：需含原创角色 | Media & Comm. Design：Must include an original character.
● 需提交参考图：若使用纸面或电子手绘稿作为参考，请提供原始稿/分层文件；若使用照片作为参考，请提交至少5张不同角度的照片；若使用AI生成图作为参考，请提供提示词及其下载链接 | You need to submit reference images: if you use hand-drawn or digital drawings, provide the original version or a layered image; if you use photos, provide at least 5 taken from different angles; if you use AI-generated images, provide the prompts and their download links.
● 自行设定难度目标（满分：高难度=100，中等难度=90，低难度=80）| You may choose a difficulty level by yourself. (full score: high difficulty=100, medium=90, low=80)
● 不允许使用网上直接下载的现成图片作为参考 | It is not allowed to use images downloaded from the Internet as references.
● 主体以外的背景、配饰等可采用第三方模型，但必须在文本文件中说明哪些内容来自第三方 | You may use third-party models for minor elements with a statement of their usage.
● 若你同时选择了数字雕刻课程，不可用使用其成果作为本课程期末作业 | If you have also taken the Digital Sculpting course, you may not use the outcome of that course as the final assignment for this course.

▼ 提交要求 | Submission Regulations

▲ 提交要求 | Submission Regulations

● 参考图 | Reference images
● 说明文本：含作品名称及100字以内作品简介 | A text file that includes the title of your work and a description of less than 100 characters.
● 至少三张.jpg渲染稿，其中一张为主渲染图，渲染精度不低于2K（2560×1440/1440×2560）| At least three .jpg renderings, including a main one. The minimal resolution is 2K.
● 工程文件（包含贴图）| The project files including textures.
● 主要工程文件的10个进度均匀的历史版本 | The main project file shall come with 10 milestone versions evenly distributed in history.

课程内容 | Course Content ​

  • 1 主流三维软件简介
    • 1.1 一体式三维创作软件包
    • 1.2 辅助型三维创作工具
    • 1.3 插件
  • 2 课程内容与评价标准
    • 2.1 课程内容
    • 2.2 评价标准
  • 3 人工智能内容生成
  • 4 主要建模方式
  • 5 Blender基础知识与操作
  • 6 基础建模
  • 7 多边形建模
  • 8 细分多边形建模
  • 9 几何节点与程序化建模
  • 10 三维艺术中的尺度幻觉
  • 11 UV基本概念及Blender中的UV工具
  • 12 强大的UV整理工具RizomUV
  • 13 Adobe Substance 3D套件概述
  • 14 使用Adobe Substance Sampler处理材质
  • 15 使用Adobe Substance 3D Painter绘制贴图
  • 16 Blender渲染入门
  • 17 如何创造逼真的渲染画面
  • 18 材质与灯光
  • 19 重要渲染概念及运用
  • 20 常见材质表现
  • 1 A Brief Intro to Popular 3D Software
    • 1.1 All-in-one Package for 3D Content Creation
    • 1.2 Auxiliary 3D Creation Tools
    • 1.3 Plugins / Add-ons
  • 2 Course Content and Evaluation Criteria
    • 2.1 Course Content
    • 2.2 Evaluation Criteria
  • 3 AIGC
    • 3.1 An oveview of AIGC　 video
      •
    • 3.2 Introduction to Midjourney　 video
      •
  • 4 Mainstream Approaches for 3D Modeling
    • 4.1 Primitives　 video
      •
    • 4.2 NURBS　 video
      •
    • 4.3 Polygon / Subdivision Modeling　 video
      •
    • 4.4 Digital Sculpting　 video
      •
    • 4.5 Procedural Modeling　 video
      •
    • 4.6 Boolean Operations　 video
      •
    • 4.7 3D Scanning　 video
      •
    • 4.8 Retopology　 video
      •
    • 4.9 Physical Simulation　 video
      •
    • 4.10 Metaball　 video
      •
    • 4.11 Kit Bashing　 video
      •
    • 4.12 AI 3D Modeling
    • 4.13 Comparison
  • 5 Basic Knowledge and Operations of Blender
  • 6 Basic Modeling
  • 7 Polygon Modeling
  • 8 Subdivision Modeling
  • 9 Geometry Nodes and Procedural Modeling
  • 10 The Illusion of Dimension in 3D
  • 11 The Concept of UV and UV unwrapping tools in Blender
  • 12 RizomUV, a Powerful Tool for UV Unwrapping
  • 13 An Overview of Adobe Substance 3D Suite
  • 14 Material Processing with Adobe Substance Sampler
  • 15 Texture Painting with Adobe Substance 3D Painter
  • 16 Fundamentals of Rendering in Blender
  • 17 Creating Believable Renderings
  • 18 Materials and Lights
  • 19 Important Rendering Concepts and Applications
  • 20 Representation of Common Materials
  • 1 主流三维软件简介
    • 1.1 一体式三维创作软件包　 视频链接
      •
    • 1.2 辅助型三维创作工具
    • 1.3 插件
  • 2 课程内容与评价标准
    • 2.1 课程内容
    • 2.2 评价标准
  • 3 人工智能内容生成
  • 4 主要建模方式
  • 5 Blender基础知识与操作
  • 6 基础建模
  • 7 多边形建模
  • 8 细分多边形建模
  • 9 几何节点与程序化建模
  • 10 三维艺术中的尺度幻觉
  • 11 UV基本概念及Blender中的UV工具
  • 12 强大的UV整理工具RizomUV
  • 13 Adobe Substance 3D套件概述
  • 14 使用Adobe Substance Sampler处理材质
  • 15 使用Adobe Substance 3D Painter绘制贴图
  • 16 Blender渲染入门
  • 17 如何创造逼真的渲染画面
  • 18 材质与灯光
  • 19 重要渲染概念及运用
  • 20 常见材质表现
  • 1 A Brief Intro to Popular 3D Software
    • 1.1 All-in-one Package for 3D Content Creation
    • 1.2 Auxiliary 3D Creation Tools
    • 1.3 Plugins / Add-ons
  • 2 Course Content and Evaluation Criteria
    • 2.1 Course Content
    • 2.2 Evaluation Criteria
  • 3 AIGC
    • 3.1 An oveview of AIGC
    • 3.2 Midjourney入门
  • 4 Mainstream Approaches for 3D Modeling
    • 4.1 Primitives
    • 4.2 NURBS
    • 4.3 Polygon / Subdivision Modeling
    • 4.4 Digital Sculpting
    • 4.5 Procedural Modeling
    • 4.6 Boolean Operations
    • 4.7 3D Scanning
    • 4.8 Retopology
    • 4.9 Physical Simulation
    • 4.10 Metaball
    • 4.11 Kit Bashing
    • 4.12 AI 3D Modeling
    • 4.13 Comparison
  • 5 Basic Knowledge and Operations of Blender
  • 6 Basic Modeling
  • 7 Polygon Modeling
  • 8 Subdivision Modeling
  • 9 Geometry Nodes and Procedural Modeling
  • 10 The Illusion of Dimension in 3D
  • 11 The Concept of UV and UV unwrapping tools in Blender
  • 12 RizomUV, a Powerful Tool for UV Unwrapping
  • 13 An Overview of Adobe Substance 3D Suite
  • 14 Material Processing with Adobe Substance Sampler
  • 15 Texture Painting with Adobe Substance 3D Painter
  • 16 Fundamentals of Rendering in Blender
  • 17 Creating Believable Renderings
  • 18 Materials and Lights
  • 19 Important Rendering Concepts and Applications
  • 20 Representation of Common Materials

学习资料 | Learning Materials​

课件中的图片/影片高清版 | high-res images/videos from the lecture slides
无 | N/A
课件中的图片/影片高清版 | high-res images/videos from the lecture slides
在线教程 | Online Course
工业设计领域AIGC佳作参考 | Industrial design AIGC references
参考资料来源
 https://www.instagram.com/vadimsadovski.ai/
https://www.instagram.com/p/CnZEfgGrR2n/?img_index=1
https://www.instagram.com/celestedesign.studio/
https://www.instagram.com/bonnycarrera/
https://www.instagram.com/motomuzi/
https://www.instagram.com/ai.shoe.factory/
...
环境设计领域AIGC佳作参考 | Environmental design AIGC references
参考资料来源
 https://simplykalaa.com/midjourney-ai-architecture/
https://simplykalaa.com/ai-interior-design/
https://www.instagram.com/midjourney.architecture/
...
数字媒体领域AIGC佳作参考 | Digital media AIGC references
参考资料来源
 https://www.instagram.com/midjourney.gallery/
https://www.instagram.com/herogen.ai/
https://www.instagram.com/opusgeo/
https://www.instagram.com/danb3ach/
https://www.instagram.com/theairevolution/
...
AIGC原理参考 | Working principles of AIGC
更多AIGC教程 | More AIGC Tutorials
课件中的图片/影片高清版 | high-res images/videos from the lecture slides
第三方素材来源 | source of 3rd-party content
 图片 | Images
https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/1966-beetle/107015
https://discourse.mcneel.com/t/drill-machine/29355
https://www.artstation.com/artwork/rRBBxJ
https://www.artstation.com/artwork/4XDY9l
https://www.instagram.com/maxonzbrush/

影片 | Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TU9t7U1VOq0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dbsl4PN9Kx8&t=57s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW9pCT5ouZ8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdSokL0HY0s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHUJe2VfnMU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p33qxgdEwVc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2BdDqtttuA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sEnr6FJZOJM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHkb43fQGME
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-Sj0VNEYe4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayTj3NJFRnY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUeKlnH6_6A
三维建模方式比较 | A comparison of vaious 3D modeling approaches
方式 | Method 使用条件 | Condition 优点 | Advantages 缺点 | Disadvantages 常见用途 | Usage
基本体 | Primitives
大部分完整三维软件 | most 3D software
方便；可调初始参数 | convenient, can change initial para.
简单；选择有限 | simple and limited options
建模基础；测试 | use as modeling bases or for testing
NURBS
大部分三维软件及专用工具（如Rhino） | most 3D software packages and dedicated tools (e.g. Rhino)
精确；连续度；修改时形态稳定；适于生产 | precise, continuity, stable on modification, factory-friendly
拓扑结构难以处理；转为多边形效果不佳 | difficult to handle topology and bad triangulation result
工业品；参数化建筑 | industrial products and parametric architecture
多边形建模 | Polygon Modeling
大部分三维软件 | most 3D software packages
灵活；高效 | flexible and highly efficient
不适合制作复杂物体 | not suitable for complex objects
建筑、低多边形物体及其它简单对象 | architecture, low-poly objects and other simple objects
多边形建模(细分) | Polygon Modeling (SubD)
大部分三维软件 | most 3D software packages
灵活 | flexible
对拓扑有要求；需平滑需加细分；形不稳定；无法处理小细节 | requires good topo, need high subD level for smoothness, unstable shape, not good for micro details
复杂工业品、角色 | complex products and characters
数字雕刻 | Digital Sculpting
大部分完整三维软件及专用工具（如Rhino） | most 3D software packages and dedicated tools (e.g. Rhino)
直觉；高效；细节丰富 | intuitive, efficient and good for rich details
雕刻结果面数多 | too many resulting faces
电影、动画、游戏等需要精致模型的场合及工业设计 | films, animation and games that need exquisite models, and industrial design.
程序化建模 | Procedural Modeling
Houdini, blender
批量化生成变体 | easy variations generation
难学；难设置 | hard to learn and setup
复杂且符合规律的形态 | complex regulated shapes
布尔运算 | Boolean Operations
大部分完整三维软件 | most 3D software packages
便于使用 | easy to use
生成结果拓扑结构不理想 | bad resulting topology
简单形或最后修饰 | simple shape or final touch
三维扫描 | 3D Scan
实物；选购三维扫描仪或软件 | physical objects and 3D scanner (hardware or software)
精准；高效 | precise and efficient
面数多；漏缺面 | massive face count & missing faces
建筑、工业品、场景、角色等 | buildings, products, scenes, characters and more
重拓扑 | Retopology
大部分完整三维软件；原始模型 | most 3D software packages and the original models
无需思考高效成形 | fast modeling with little thinking
枯燥费时（手工）| boring and time-consuming (manual)
减面；贴图烘焙准备 | face reduction & pre-bake step.
物理模拟 | Physical Simulation
大部分完整三维软件 | most 3D software packages
高效；形态逼真 | efficient and realistic
设置难；修改速度慢 | difficult to setup and slow to modify
大量刚体场景；织物、毛发、流体 | scenes with many rigid bodies, fabric, hair and fur and liquid
变形球 | Metaball
部分三维软件 | some 3D software packages
简便易用 | easy to use
形态可控性差 | little control over the resulting shapes
粗模；半流体 | course shape and semifluid
元件拼装 | Kit Bashing
大部分完整三维软件及预制件库 | most 3D software packages and premade models
快捷；易出效果 | fast and easy to achieve good results
必须先制作或购买高品质素材 | must first make or purchase high-quality materials
快速搭建场景、机械等 | fast construction of scenes, machines and etc.
ContentAI 3D建模 | AI 3D Modeling
目前多为网站服务 | mainly provided as web service today
快捷；零学习成本 | fast and no learning needed
质量低；可控性低 | low-quality, low controllability
次要模型或基础模型 | secondary or basic models
三维导航与视图操作练习文件 | Exercise file for 3D navigation and viewport operation

学习任务 | Learning Tasks

课程学前调研 | pre-course survey
访问以此链接完成课程学前调研问卷 |
Fill in the pre-course survey questionnaire using this link.
9月23日前使用在线腾讯文档提交设计方案 | submit your design proposal using the online Tencent Doc app by Sep. 23
（若无法查看或编辑表格，请先登录 | If you cannot view or edit the table, please log in first.）

课程成果 | Learning Outcomes

历年佳作 | Previous Works

作品展示链接 | Links to the works